topic Re: Explanation of Buckling in Analysis

Explanation of Buckling

DenisJaunin — Sun, 13 Dec 2020 15:26:39 GMT

Hello, Someone he already made simulations of buckling.Because I do not understand the result in buckling of a rod with several ( BLF) bending load factor , I still getthe same scale of displacement, with a maximum displacement of 1 [mm] . I made several simulations of various shapes

Re: Explanation of Buckling

346gnu — Wed, 14 May 2014 16:55:30 GMT

Hi Denis,

A partial answer for you.

BLF= Buckling Load Factor

I believe the modal solver is used to calculate the buckling mode shapes. These mode shapes (eigen vectors) are normalised to amplitude 1.

Multiply the load applied in the initial static analysis by the BLF to get the load at which buckling will occur.

Regards

Charles

Re: Explanation of Buckling

DenisJaunin — Wed, 14 May 2014 17:18:06 GMT

Hello, Charles,

Thank you for the very quick response, I'll see what happens.

Cordially.

Denis.

Re: Explanation of Buckling

sdensberger — Wed, 14 May 2014 17:58:01 GMT

As Charles pointed out, the buckling analysis in Creo Simulate (Pro/Mechanica) is solving an eigenvalue problem (same as a modal analysis), where your eigenvalues are the Buckling Load Factors (the factor of the applied load "needed" to cause buckling) and the eigenvectors are the buckling mode shape. For an eigenvalue problem, Mechanica will always normalize the results (i.e. the largest "displacement" is 1).

Now, all that being said, it's very important to keep in mind that last sentence from the knowledge base: "Pro / SIMULATE not calculate the stresses due to buckling, because it is the field of nonlinear large deformation calculations."

The analysis you're doing is sometimes called a linear bucking analysis, because the solution is a linear perturbation of the intial change in the structures stiffness due to the base static analysis. There are two very important points about a linear buckling analysis that must be kept in mind:

There is a unknown amount of error between the linear and non-linear buckling solution.
The linear buckling solution is unconservative (i.e. the calculated buckling load is higher than the true buckling load).

The implication of these two points (particularly the last one) means that you need to be very careful how you use the results from a linear buckling analysis. Realistically, a linear buckling analysis should only be used for preliminary comparisons (what type of buckling mode could exist, and how design changes effect the trend of the BLF). If the results are used for anything else, then a high factor of safety is needed. More accurate results can be obtained by running a non-linear analysis with large-displacement formulation and a non-linear material property. If you do this, be sure to include some eccentricity in your model (whether load or geometric).

Re: Explanation of Buckling

DenisJaunin — Wed, 14 May 2014 18:28:40 GMT

Hello, Shaun,

Thank you to you for this very interesting explanation.

I'll take it all.

Cordially.

Denis.

Re: Explanation of Buckling

346gnu — Wed, 14 May 2014 18:36:08 GMT

Hi Shaun,

For interest and to broaden discsussion a little to perhaps pick up any other's input, hints, tips, literature references ...

I have found the linear solutions very limited in their application. It is possible to get the text book answers but it is rare that real life models are text book cases.

I have opted for more complex assemblies, contolling the force input by using enforced displacement contraints (to eliminate the instability) then running static large deformation studies. Plotting reactions vs displacement.

These studies need an initial eccentricity otherwise the model would simply crush. This initial eccentricity accounts for misalignments and material flaws etc. How does one judge this initial eccentricity?

Then there is the situation where the simpler Euler calculation predicts a buckling load that is too low, a calculation carried out on a product that has worked for years. The real situation being that as a structure buckles it encounters lateral support changing the stiffness and introducing new buckling modes at higher loads and these are the ones we would like to estimate. These assymmetrical models are difficult to constrain without adding further layers of stucture, contacts, springs to control instabilities. And then what stiffness the springs?

What if the structure carrying the load is excited and vibrating ...

etc.

Thanks

Charles

Re: Explanation of Buckling

DenisJaunin — Tue, 20 May 2014 23:57:52 GMT

Hello,

I go back to my problem of buckling for which I asked these questions.

I blade 8mm long 5mm wide and 0.25mm thick.

It would take on one of its ends a width of 5mm force 375N.

Its ends are rounded, there is no frame of the blade.

I did not find how to constrain the ends of the blade for it to burn freely.

I used the pivot constraint freely rotatable and laterally blocked on both ends, but the application of the force is also done on the pivot constraint.

The results of the static analysis are not already correct.

It is possible to give a slight curve to the blade to help blaze.

Now to make this simulation, should create an assembly with rounded surfaces recessed for the blade?.

Cordially.

Denis.

Re: Explanation of Buckling

DenisJaunin — Fri, 23 May 2014 17:31:27 GMT

Hello,

I return to my question, if someone an idea for my stress leaf spring buckling.

I enclose a picture of the blade, so that little help.

Cordially.

Denis

Re: Explanation of Buckling

346gnu — Fri, 23 May 2014 21:55:58 GMT

Denis,

In reality as the blade is compressed it will buckle.

To buckle there has to be initial eccentricity or assymmetry. In reality nothing is perfect so these are present.

To make the model buckle you must have an initial eccentricity (otherwise it crushes) which means the model is difficult to constrain ... as you have found.

For a buckling hand calculation, the initial effective strut length is the distance between the axes of the cylindrical ends. Any bending from the initial straight position immediately means that the load's mechanical advantage changes and therefore other than the initial straight structure it does not behave as Euler suggested but as noted in an earlier post.

For this model you end up having to make extra parts, build an assembly, use contact, time-stepped enforced displacement constraints and large deformation.

This means you cannot use the buckling solver.

Create a component with shalllow cylindrical groove and assemble to each end to 'capture' the blade.

Fix one end and enforce displacements of the other.

Create reaction measures to plot against distance moved.

Remember, you must have an initial misalignment so do not apply your force exactly along the blade. This is a judgement.

Plot the graph of the reaction measure vs distance and look for the change (reduction) in gradient. This is where collapse is iminent.

time stepped enforced displacement constraints prevent run-away collapse.

Problem is that the large movements of the structure before collapse often means it encounters new boundary conditions (contacts neighbouring components) and maybe not actually collapsing at all ...

Hope this helps

Charles

Re: Explanation of Buckling

DenisJaunin — Fri, 23 May 2014 23:36:28 GMT

Hello, Charles,

Thank you for your explanations.

This confirms that I will have to travel with an assembly.

You did very well describes the problem and is outside the flanbage.

Cordially.

Denis.